<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE article  PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd"><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en" article-type="research article"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JHEPGC</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2380-4327</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Research Publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4236/jhepgc.2017.32030</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">JHEPGC-75704</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Physics&amp;Mathematics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>
 
 
  Gedanken Experiment for Initial Expansion of the Universe and Effects of a Nearly Zero Inflaton in Pre-Planckian Physics Space-Time Satisfying Traditional Slow Roll Formulas Which Happens in Pre-Planckian Regimes Even If &amp;phi;&lt;sup style=&quot;margin-left:-12px;&quot;&gt;&amp;sdot;2&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;raquo;V&lt;sub&gt;SUSY&lt;/sub&gt;
 
</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Andrew</surname><given-names>Walcott Beckwith</given-names></name><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail:<email>Rwill9955b@gmail.com,abeckwith@uh.edu</email>;<email>Physics Department, College of Physics, Chongqing University Huxi Campus, Chongqing, China</email>;</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>02</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>03</volume><issue>02</issue><fpage>360</fpage><lpage>367</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>March</day>	<month>1,</month>	<year>2017</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>Accepted:</day>	<month>April</month>	<year>24,</year>	</date><date date-type="accepted"><day>April</day>	<month>27,</month>	<year>2017</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>&#169; Copyright  2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. </copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><license><license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p><html>
 <head></head>
 
  We first of all consider what if the initial inflaton was nearly zero instead of proportional to a Planck mass, in a SUSY type potential. Using the construction of Padmanabhan about general inflaton physics and the conditions of what are usual constituent slow roll requirements for inflation, and also of Kolb, Pi and Raby about a SUSY potential, we come up with the counter intuitive formulation of how usual tests for slow roll give the standard answers even if the inflaton in the SUSY potential as given by Kolb, Pi, and Raby is initially zero. The result gives support to a formulation of VEV conditions used right after a Planck instant of time. As it is, we will from first principles examine what adding acceleration does as to the HUP previously derived. In doing so we will be tying it in our discussion with the earlier work done on the HUP. The HUP results, so modified are appropriate for the Pre-Planckian results and may explain why the slow roll formulation as given by Padmanabhan holds where there is the phenomenon of 
  <img src="Edit_451fe22c-83ae-4cf2-80d2-d003ffe31144.bmp" alt="" /> for Pre-Planckian space-time. This leads to a very paradoxical result that in Pre-Planckian physics the traditional slow roll formulas are satisfied even if 
  <img src="Edit_d0f87b26-5d8f-4aef-9cc7-c1a8d1963ec8.bmp" alt="" /> . But it also puts in extremely tight restrictions upon the formulation of the degree of freedom problem, as given in Equation (26) in this document.
 
</html></p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Inflaton</kwd><kwd> SUSY</kwd><kwd> VEV</kwd><kwd> Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle</kwd><kwd> Slow Roll</kwd><kwd> Pre-Planckian</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body><sec id="s1"><title>1. Introduction to the Basic Problem, as Far as SUSY Potential Physics. Starting off with a Summary of Why <img src="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x5.png" /> in <img src="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x6.png" /> Situations, so the Square of H, Is &gt;0</title><p>In this introduction, we use the results of how we set the state for a modified Pre-Planckian physics HUP. This will be leading to initial conditions which will lead to, later <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x7.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> in Pre-Planckian space-time physics, which will in turn lead to our main analysis result that in the Pre-Planckian Space-time, that<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x8.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, will still lead to space-time conditions for which we have, the slow roll conditions, as outlined by Padmanabhan [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref1">1</xref>] , which merge seamlessly into the inflationary conditions, even if, in the Planckian space-time we have<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x9.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. In the regime which we have <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x10.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> we have that<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x11.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, for times t <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x12.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> Planck time interval. By the time we have <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x13.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> we have that <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x14.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> for Planck time. One of the findings will be that the square of the Hubble parameter, when<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x15.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, will be &gt; 0 only if<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x16.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, which occurs when the time is in the Pre-Planckian space-time regime and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x17.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> when time is Planck time in value, just before the advent of inflation. In doing so, if<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x18.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x19.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>no longer holds. But to get to this derivation, we will attempt to set up a modification of the HUP which will be part of how <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x19.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x20.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> in <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x19.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x20.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x21.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> situations, so the square of H, is &gt;0. This will be linked to the modification of the HUP brought up, which is largely from [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref2">2</xref>] . This leads to the satisfaction of the slow roll hypothesis, usual formulation still holding in the Pre-Planckian regime, in spite that<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x19.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x20.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x21.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x22.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, will be &gt; 0 only if<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x19.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x20.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x21.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x22.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x23.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p></sec><sec id="s2"><title>2. Re-Hash of Discussion Given in [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref2">2</xref>] about Modification of HUP</title><p>As stated in [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref2">2</xref>] we will be examining a Friedmann equation for the evolution of the scale factor, using explicitly one case being when the acceleration of expansion of the scale factor is kept in, and the intermediate cases of when the acceleration factor, and the scale factor is important but not dominant. In doing so we will be tying it in our discussion with the earlier work done on the HUP but from the context of how the acceleration term will affect the HUP, and making sense of [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref2">2</xref>]</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula172"><label>(1)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x24.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Namely we will be working with [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref2">2</xref>]</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula173"><label>(2)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x25.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>i.e. the fluctuation <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x26.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> dramatically boost initial entropy. Not what it would be if<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x26.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x27.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. The next question to ask would be how could one actually have [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref2">2</xref>]</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula174"><label>(3)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x28.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>In short, we would require an enormous “inflaton” style <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x29.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> valued scalar function, and<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x29.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x30.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. How could <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x29.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x30.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x31.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> be initially quite large? Within Planck time the following for mass holds, as a lower bound [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref2">2</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref3">3</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref4">4</xref>]</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula175"><label>(4)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x32.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Here, [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref2">2</xref>]</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula176"><label>(5)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x33.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula></sec><sec id="s3"><title>3. What Is the Argument against the Usual Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle?</title><p>We will be looking at the likelihood of recovery of the usual Heisenberg uncertainty principle as would be seen if [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref2">2</xref>]</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula177"><label>(6)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x34.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>In short, we would require an enormous “inflaton” style <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x35.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> valued scalar function, and<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x35.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x36.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, i.e. assuming a quantum bounce with<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x35.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x36.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x37.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, but not zero, so as to have Equation (2) render the usual Heisenberg uncertainty principle, would require a scalar value <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x35.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x36.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x37.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x38.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> initially of almost infinite value, and there is no reason this would occur, i.e. what we will attempt to do is to model inputs from what can be deduced via deconstructing the super symmetric models, as so beloved by the physics community.</p></sec><sec id="s4"><title>4. The SUSY Potential Utilized. And Its Role for <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x39.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> in <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x39.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x40.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> Situations, So the Square of H, Is &gt;0</title><p>Going to Kolb, Pi, and Raby, [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref5">5</xref>] we outline certain problems with the usual SUSY models which in effect argues strongly against a scalar value <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x41.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> initially of almost infinite value. The target of what we are examining is an old but still referenced model of inflation in the case of a super symmetric potential of the form of a VEV, which is what we should be considering, namely, if we use a scalar value <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x41.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x42.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> of a Higgs field, with</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula178"><label>(7)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x43.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>With [ ] a minimum value for Equation (23) according to the first derivative, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x44.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, if <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x44.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x45.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is the super symmetry breaking scale, and</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula179"><label>(8)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x46.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Were this followed, we would also would have a defined mass, for the scalar field which is given in [ ] by the following</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula180"><label>(9)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x47.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>With a minimization of a SUSY style Equation (7), and Equation (9) below if<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x48.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. The contention we have is that if one wanted to have Equation (9) satisfied, that with the scale factor ALMOST zero, but not zero, that there is no way to have<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x48.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x49.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, and to keep fidelity with the usual HUP relationships of change in energy times change in time as greater than or equal to h bar. Here is the [ ] provided SUSY potential for a vanishing VeV [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref5">5</xref>]</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula181"><label>(10)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x50.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>i.e. this is still, with some tweaking a commonly accepted SUSY VeV model, with a minimum if<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x51.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, and due to Equation (10) we can argue pretty straight forwardly, that if <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x51.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x52.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> no longer holds, that the variation in the Pre-Planckian metric as brought up in Equation (10) will NOT allow for the resumption of the usual HUP</p><p>So, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x53.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>will in the Pre-Planckian regime, break down [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref2">2</xref>] . We will next then consider what to expect if there is a dynamical systems treatment for an emergent VeV and what this says physically.</p></sec><sec id="s5"><title>5. Examining What Happens to Equation (10) If in Pre Planckian Space Time <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x54.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> due to <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x54.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x55.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></title><p>We will be looking at the value of Equation (10) if<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x56.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. In short, we have then that</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula182"><label>(11)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x57.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>If we use the following, from the Roberson-Walker metric [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref2">2</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref6">6</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref7">7</xref>] .</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula183"><label>(12)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x58.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Following Unruth [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref8">8</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref9">9</xref>] , write then, an uncertainty of metric tensor as, with the following inputs</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula184"><label>(13)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x59.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Then, the surviving version of Equation (7) and Equation (8) is, then, if <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x60.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref2">2</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref8">8</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref9">9</xref>]</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula185"><label>(14)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x61.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>This Equation (14) is such that we can extract, up to a point the HUP principle for uncertainty in time and energy, with one very large caveat added, namely if we use the fluid approximation of space-time [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref10">10</xref>]</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula186"><label>(15)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x62.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Then [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref2">2</xref>]</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula187"><label>(16)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x63.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Then,</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula188"><label>(17)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x64.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>How likely is<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x65.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>? Not going to happen.</p></sec><sec id="s6"><title>6. How We Can Justifying Writing <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x66.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> Values. And Other Inequalities</title><p>To begin this process, we will break it down into the following co ordinates. In the rr, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x67.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x67.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x68.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> coordinates, we will use the Fluid approximation, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x67.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x68.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x69.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref2">2</xref>] with</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula189"><label>(18)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x70.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>If as an example, we have negative pressure, with<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x71.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x71.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x72.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, and<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x71.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x72.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x73.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, and<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x71.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x72.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x73.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x74.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, then the only choice we have, then is to set<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x71.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x72.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x73.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x74.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x75.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, since there is no way that <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x71.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x72.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x73.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x74.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x75.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x76.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is zero valued. If so, then we will go to the behavior of Equation (10) and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x71.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x72.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x73.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x74.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x75.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x76.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x77.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> due to<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x71.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x72.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x73.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x74.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x75.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x76.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x77.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x78.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p><p>1) Working with Equation (10) as a link to <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x79.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> due to <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x79.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x80.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></p><p>The key equation is to look at the following expression for the Hubble parameter, which is [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref1">1</xref>]</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula190"><label>(19)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x81.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Here, we will be having <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x82.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> due to <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x82.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x83.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> because, then The key equation is to look at the following expression for the Hubble parameter, which is leading to</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula191"><label>(20)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x84.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>2) Working with Slow Roll If we are using Equation (20) if <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x85.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></p><p>From using Padmanabhan [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref1">1</xref>] , we have the following which we write as for slow roll parameters</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula192"><label>(21)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x86.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Then, if <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x87.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula193"><label>(22)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x88.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Note that this is commensurate with this K.E. as proportional to have the left side of Equation (22) almost infinite in value and in turn that also relates to</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula194"><label>(23)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x89.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Which due to [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref11">11</xref>] becomes similar to using Equation (24) in</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula195"><label>(24)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x90.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Then by Equation (23) and Equation (24)</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula196"><label>(25)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x91.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>If we are in a very small Pre-Planckian regime of space-time, we could, then write Equation (24) as then proportional to <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x92.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref11">11</xref>] , with <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x92.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x93.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> initial degrees of freedom, leading to<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x92.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x93.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x94.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, and initial degrees of freedom as</p><disp-formula id="scirp.75704-formula197"><label>(26)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x95.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>As given by Kolb and Turner, the projected degrees of freedom max out about 110, while unorthodox treatment of the same problem lead to an upper bound of about 1000. Needless to say though, the given Equation (26) only works if there is an extremely small, almost zero inflaton value, as given by the following:<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/15-2180105x96.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. This is to counteract the enormity of the initial temperature. We will say more about this topic later in subsequent publications.</p></sec><sec id="s7"><title>7. Conclusion</title><p>We think the only explanation is that even if Equation (21) and Equation (22) are not satisfied with an almost zero inflaton magnitude, the only explanation we have is of a causal discontinuity which would effectively wipe out a good deal of the information and structure from Pre-Plankian to Planckian space time, even if the behavior of Equation (21) and Equation (22) is commensurate with the Planckian slow roll conditions. We will write more of this in a subsequent publication. This will complete our full development of an extension of [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref12">12</xref>] as well as issues raised in [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref13">13</xref>] , and [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.75704-ref14">14</xref>] where Corda calculated the magnitude of the inflaton, which has results which we will try to reconcile as to our present theoretical developments.</p></sec><sec id="s8"><title>Acknowledgements</title><p>This work is supported in part by National Nature Science Foundation of China Grant No. 11375279.</p></sec><sec id="s9"><title>Cite this paper</title><p>Beckwith, A.W. (2017) Gedanken Experiment for Initial Expansion of the Universe and Effects of a Nearly Zero Inflaton in Pre-Planckian Physics Space-Time Satisfying Traditional Slow Roll Formulas Which Happens in Pre-Planckian Regimes Even If . Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology, 3, 360-367. https://doi.org/10.4236/jhepgc.2017.32030</p></sec></body><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="scirp.75704-ref1"><label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book" xlink:type="simple">Padmanabhan, T. (2005) Understanding Our Universe, Current Status and Open Issues. In: Ashatekar, A., Ed., 100 Years of Relativity, Space-Time Structure: Einstein and Beyond, World Scientific Publishing, Singapore, 175-204.  
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